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Chronology of Human Dentition

Chronology of Human Dentition

Basics of Dental Anatomy

The term eruption was used to denote the tooth's emergence through the gingiva, however, the definition now means continuous tooth movement from the dental bud to occlusal contact (emergence).

Emergence of the primary dentition takes place between the 6th and 30th months of postnatal life. Enamel organs do not all develop at the same rate; some teeth are completed before others are formed, which results in different times of eruption for different groups of teeth.

Dental development can be considered to have two components:

  • Formation of crowns and roots (more resistant to environmental influences).
  • Eruption of the teeth (can be affected by caries and tooth loss).

Eruption sequence of primary and permanent teeth

Deciduous Dentition

Maxillary Central Incisor

  • First evidence of calcification : 14 weeks in utero.
  • Crown completion : 1 and half months.
  • Eruption : 10 months.
  • Root completion : 1 and half years.

Maxillary Lateral Incisor

  • First evidence of calcification : 16 weeks in utero.
  • Crown completion : 2 and half months.
  • Eruption : 11 months.
  • Root completion : 2 years.

Maxillary Canine

  • First evidence of calcification : 17 weeks in utero.
  • Crown completion : 9 months.
  • Eruption : 19 months.
  • Root completion : 31/4 years.

Maxillary First Molar

  • First evidence of calcification : 15 and half weeks in utero.
  • Crown completion : 6 months.
  • Eruption : 16 months.
  • Root completion : 2 and half years.

Maxillary Second Molar

  • First evidence of calcification : 19 weeks in utero.
  • Crown completion : 11 months.
  • Eruption : 29 months.
  • Root completion : 3 years.

Mandibular Central Incisor

  • First evidence of calcification : 14 weeks in utero.
  • Crown completion : 2 and half months.
  • Eruption : 8 months.
  • Root completion : 1 and half years.

Mandibular Lateral Incisor

  • First evidence of calcification : 16 weeks in utero.
  • Crown completion : 3 months.
  • Eruption : 13 months.
  • Root completion : 1 and half months.

Mandibular Canine

  • First evidence of calcification : 17 weeks in utero.
  • Crown completion : 9 months.
  • Eruption : 20 months.
  • Root completion : 31/4 years.

Mandibular First Molar

  • First evidence of calcification : 15 and half weeks in utero.
  • Crown completion : 5 and half months.
  • Eruption : 16 months.
  • Root completion : 21/4 years.

Mandibular Second Molar

  • First evidence of calcification : 18 weeks in utero.
  • Crown completion : 10 months.
  • Eruption : 27 months.
  • Root completion : 3 years.

Permanent Dentition

Maxillary Central Incisor

  • First evidence of calcification : 3-4 months.
  • Crown completion : 4-5 years.
  • Eruption : 7-8 years.
  • Root completion : 10 years.

Maxillary Lateral Incisor

  • First evidence of calcification : 10-12 months.
  • Crown completion : 4-5 years.
  • Eruption : 8-9 years.
  • Root completion : 11 years.

Maxillary Canine

  • First evidence of calcification : 4-5 months.
  • Crown completion : 6-7 years.
  • Eruption : 11-12 years.
  • Root completion : 13-15 years.

Maxillary First Premolar

  • First evidence of calcification : 11/2-13/4 years.
  • Crown completion : 5-6 years.
  • Eruption : 10-11 years.
  • Root completion : 12-13 years.

Maxillary Second Premolar

  • First evidence of calcification : 2-21/4 years.
  • Crown completion : 6-7 years.
  • Eruption : 10-12 years.
  • Root completion : 12-14 years.

Maxillary First Molar

  • First evidence of calcification : At birth.
  • Crown completion : 21/2-3 years.
  • Eruption : 6-7 years.
  • Root completion : 9-10 years.

Maxillary Second Molar

  • First evidence of calcification : 21/2-3 years.
  • Crown completion : 7-8 years.
  • Eruption : 12-13 years.
  • Root completion : 14-16 years.

Maxillary Third Molar

  • First evidence of calcification : 7-9 years.
  • Crown completion : 12-16 years.
  • Eruption : 17-21 years.
  • Root completion : 18-25 years.

Mandibular Central Incisor

  • First evidence of calcification : 3-4 months.
  • Crown completion : 4-5 years.
  • Eruption : 6-7 years.
  • Root completion : 9 years.

Mandibular Lateral Incisor

  • First evidence of calcification : 3-4 months.
  • Crown completion : 4-5 years.
  • Eruption : 7-8 years.
  • Root completion : 10 years.

Mandibular Canine

  • First evidence of calcification : 4-5 months.
  • Crown completion : 6-7 years.
  • Eruption : 9-10 years.
  • Root completion : 12-14 years.

Mandibular First Premolar

  • First evidence of calcification : 13/4-2 years.
  • Crown completion : 5-6 years.
  • Eruption : 10-12 years.
  • Root completion : 12-13 years.

Mandibular Second Premolar

  • First evidence of calcification : 21/4-21/2 years.
  • Crown completion : 6-7 years.
  • Eruption : 11-12 years.
  • Root completion : 13-14 years.

Mandibular First Molar

  • First evidence of calcification : At birth.
  • Crown completion : 21/2-3 years.
  • Eruption : 6-7 years.
  • Root completion : 9-10 years.

Mandibular Second Molar

  • First evidence of calcification : 21/2-3 years.
  • Crown completion : 7-8 years.
  • Eruption : 11-13 years.
  • Root completion : 14-15 years.

Mandibular Third Molar

  • First evidence of calcification : 8-10 years.
  • Crown completion : 12-16 years.
  • Eruption : 17-21 years.
  • Root completion : 18-25 years.

References

  • Wheeler's Dental Anatomy, Physiology and Occlusion(2019), Stanley J. Nelson DDS MS, Elsevier.

*This article is excerpt from the above mentioned book and Medical Sutras does not make any ownership and affiliation claims.